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Publikasi

The 1257 CE cataclysmic eruption of Samalas volcano (Indonesia) revealed by indigenous written sources: Forgotten kingdoms, emergency response, and societal recovery

Publikasi Jumat, 20 Januari 2023

Muhammad Ngainul Malawani | Franck Lavigne | Wayan Jarrah Sastrawan | Jamaluddin | Ahamad Sirulhaq | Danang Sri Hadmoko

Abstract

Historical and archaeological findings have revealed that many human civilizations have been strongly affected by natural hazards, such as volcanic eruptions. An issue that still lacks attention is the response of ancient populations following eruptions as well as their resilience strategies. Three written sources from Lombok, Indonesia, provide descriptions of the ancient landscape of Lombok and the population’s response to the Samalas volcano eruption in 1257 CE. The sources depict the conditions of Lombok and the surrounding areas during the pre-, onset-, and post-eruption phases of a catastrophic volcanic eruption with a volcanic explosivity index 7. Various responses of the inhabitants to the eruption are described in the sources, such as fleeing to the hills, avoiding hazards, and escaping to neighboring villages or islands. Several geographic features and toponyms are mentioned, allowing us to reconstruct the evacuation process during the crisis period. The sources also describe recovery strategies in the post-eruption period, including governance strategies, the rebuilding of cities and villages, and agriculture. The historical record suggests that Lombok may have taken up to a century to recover from the eruption and that new kingdoms and principalities became established by the fourteenth century. Disaster management related to the eruption is described in the texts from Lombok, but not in older written sources from Indonesia. read more

Spatial Multi-Criterion Analysis (SMCA) to Determine the Suitability of Green Open Space (GOS) at Kalurahan Wonokromo, Special Region of Yogyakarta

Publikasi Kamis, 19 Januari 2023

 Joni Purwohandoyo | Hilary Reinhart | Erlis Saputra | Andri Kurniawan | Rini Rachmawati | Dyah Widiyastuti | Arry Retnowati | Mohammad Isnaini Sadali | Rizki Adriadi Ghiffari

Abstract

MRapid urbanization and growth in the Kalurahan Wonokromo, situated in the peri-urban area of Yogyakarta City causes the loss of children’s playgrounds while the number of children is increasing. Preserving the remaining space for Green Open Space (GOS) is crucial. Amid the space limit, choosing the right location is one of the keys to ensuring the space functions optimally. We employ the Spatial Multi-Criteria Analysis (SMCA) in selecting several location candidates for the development of GOS using 9 criteria of tree cover, existing open green space, ricefield, social facilities, accessibility, distance to school, presence of small shop, children density, and the riverbank. The SMCA analysis is powered by Analytical Hierarchical Process using expert judgment combined with GIS analysis to yield the weight priority and score for each criterion. As the result, the score for each criterion is 0.3218 for existing open green space, 0.1616 for social facilities 0.1446 for small shops, 0.1265 for roads or accessibility, 0.085 for vegetation, 0.0504 for distance to school, 0.0499 for the riverbank, 0.0367 for the children density, 0.0234 for the ricefield. We obtain 9 candidates for the GOS. The Kalurahan Wonokromo has also planned to build and rehabilitate the open space but needs to acknowledge the needs for GOS from gated communities and pesantren communities as the different types of communities with a different kind of GOS. read more

Development of the triangle method for drought studies based on remote sensing images: A review

Publikasi Senin, 9 Januari 2023

A Sediyo Adi Nugraha | Muhammad Kamal | Sigit Heru Murti | & Wirastuti Widyatmanti

Abstract

Mapping and monitoring drought supports climate change adaptation of resilient ecosystems. The temporal and spatial scale aspects of drought can be efficiently mapped with remote sensing imagery. So far, remote sensing data for drought mapping has focused on the relationship between the vegetation index and surface temperature with various limitations. The interplay between surface temperature and vegetation index (Ts/VI) is well-known in drought research and related studies, such as the triangle method. In 2002, Temperature Vegetation Dryness Index (TVDI) was introduced to model this interplay. Various scholars have explored Ts/VI interaction to determine dry and wet edges and to develop models based on triangle method concepts to monitor drought. However, drought information from Ts/VI identification is not sufficient to justify meteorological, agricultural, or hydrological drought. To address this issue, the TDVI model has been compared with various single indices (VHI, VCI, VDI, TCI, SPI) to reveal their respective advantages and disadvantages. This article reviews several studies that draw on Ts/VI interaction to ascertain dry and wet edges and develop drought identification models with other dryness indicators, such as soil moisture, precipitation, and vegetation change. In general, dry and wet edges are determined using three methods: linear, parabolic, and quadratic, which share a relatively moderate relationship with soil moisture in the field. Most developed models target the determination of dry and wet edges (VTCI, iTVDI, MTVDI) and the addition of potential indicators that may be related to Ts/VI, such as TVMDI, TVMPDI, TVPDI, and TVSDI. Elevation, a manifestation of regional physiographic characteristics, is combined with the Ts/VI concept to create three-dimensional visualizations of the interaction and constantly generate related indicators. read more

Keterlibatan Masyarakat dalam Tahap Awal Penataan Ruang Kawasan Pesisir Parangtritis

Publikasi Kamis, 28 Juni 2018

Surani Hasanati | R. Rijanta

Abstract

Sesuai dengan Undang-undang Tata Ruang No. 26 tahun 2007, maka kawasan Pantai Parangtritis dapat dipandang sebagai kawasan budidaya dan kawasan lindung, dan sebagai tambahannya adalah kawasan budaya yang dimanfaatkan sebagaikawasan pariwisata. Pemerintah Kabupaten Bantul merespon dengan melaksanakan program penataan awal kawasan Parangtritis. Keterlibatan masyarakat dalam Penataan ruang kawasan pesisir Parangtritis sebagaimana diamanatkan dalam Undang-Undang Tata Ruang No. 26 tahun 2007 dan PP No. 69/1996, menarik untuk dikaji. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memahami bagaimanakah keterlibatan masyarakat dalam tahap awal penataan ruang kawasan pesisir Parangtritis. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian kualitatif. dan teknik sampel yang digunakan adalah purposive sampling. Sementara teknis analisis data adalah desriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ketidaksesuaian pelaksanaan hak masyarakat yaitu berperan serta dalam proses perencanaan, pemanfaatan, dan pengendalian pemanfaatan ruang. Dalam konteks ini, masyarakat lokal kurang dilibatkan dalam tingkat perencanaan maupun pelaksanaan yang keduanya merupakan lingkup kegiatan dalam penataan ruang. read more

FOOD SECURITY IN URBAN SPRAWL EFFECTED AREA: CASE STUDY IN SUB-DISTRICTS ON THE OUTSKIRTS OF YOGYAKARTA CITY

Publikasi Jumat, 6 Oktober 2017

Rucitra Anjarsariningtyas | Warastri Laksmiasri | Ajrul Arin Pratiwi | Sri Rum Giyarsih

Abstract

Yogyakarta city is the provincial capital and administrative center in Yogyakarta. Bantul and Sleman are two districts which directly adjacent to the city of Yogyakarta. Although the city of Yogyakarta only has an area of 32.5 km2 (1.02% of Daerah lstimewa Yogyakarta), but the urban effect exceed that area. The urban phenomenon has spread from the city of Yogyakarta on the sub-districts in Sleman and Bantul district directly adjacent to the city of Yogyakarta. Thisurban sprawl will potentially disrupt food security in Yogyakarta, especially in the sub-districts themselves. Study area in this research is the sub-districts in Sleman and Bantu! directly adjacent to the city of Yogyakarta, which are Mlati, Depok, Gamping, Banguntapan, Kasihan, and Sewon. This research used secondary data obtained from Districts in Figures published by Statistics Indonesia. Analysis of the data showed that the wetland area on the outskirts of the city of Yogyakarta in general has decreased from 2003 to 2013. The decline in land area causes a decrease in rice production. In fact, the number and density of population in this period increased which will potentially be a problem for maintaining people’s needs of food within the sub-districts. Solutions that can be done are (1) to implement consistencyof regional planning to the areas that have been designated as agricultural land, (2) take firm action against any violation of the regional planning, and (3) provide incentives for farmers who still maintain their farm by giving them tax-free policy. Keywords : Urban sprawl; regional planning; food security; outskirts of Yogyakarta city read more