SDG 11: Sustainable Cities and Communities

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SDG 11: Sustainable Cities and Communities

Mangrove area degradation and management strategies in Indonesia: A review

Publication Friday, 19 April 2024

Utami, Westi | Sugiyanto, Catur | Rahardjo, Noorhadi

Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management, Open Access, Volume 11, Issue 3, Pages 6037 – 6047, April 2024

Abstract

Coastal communities are particularly vulnerable to the effects of climate change. This study aimed to review the impact of land use change and mangrove degradation on coastal areas and analyze the problems and strategies of mangrove management in Indonesia. Journal data sources were obtained from the Scopus and Google Scholar databases. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) method was used in the study. The results indicate that economic activities such as mining, industry, and ponds are the main cause of mangrove damage, which in turn leads to increased disasters, CO2 emissions, and decreased community income. To address this issue, mangrove management strategies that take into account social, economic, and environmental factors are necessary. Successful mangrove restoration requires increased inclusion, community capacity, budgeting, and stakeholder involvement. Government policies regulating sustainable spatial planning, law enforcement, and institutional frameworks are crucial components of mangrove management. The study’s results are expected to serve as the foundation for developing sustainable coastal management strategies that enhance the safety of coastal communities from disasters and improve their welfare. © 2024 Brawijaya University. All rights reserved. read more

Dynamics of the aeolian landform at the coastal geosite of Parangtritis sand dune area, Yogyakarta

Publication Friday, 19 April 2024

Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management, Open Access, Volume 11, Issue 3, Pages 5839 – 5847, April 2024

Abstract

In 2014, Kelud, an active volcano in East Java, ejected ashes (hereafter termed KA; Kelud ash) that reportedly reached as far as Central Java and the Special Region of Yogyakarta (DIY). The KA deposits are observable in, among others, the coastal sand dune area in Parangtritis. Due to the active aeolian process, the KA layers can be found at different depths five years after the eruption. Thus, the KA can be used as a marker of the post-2014 aeolian activities at the Parangtritis dune, which was once classified as a degraded land and later recognized as a coastal geosite, ultimately allowing us to calculate the volume and sand transport rate. The research surveys performed at 25 points discovered volcanic ash layers at 1 cm to 26 cm below the surface. At some observed points, the ash deposits were found on the surface and continuously transported. This research observed an area of 60,000 m² with an average of 8.5 cm thick sand layers lying above the KA layer. Based on the calculation, the total volume of the transported sand at the Parangtritis sand dune from 2014 to 2019 was approximately 5,100 m³. This volume is considerably small owing to various obstacles in the transport zones. Based on the five-year dynamic of the sand dune, this study suggested that restoration needs to be conducted immediately particularly in eliminating vegetation barriers to maintain the sediment balance (erosion-transport-sedimentation) of the coastal sand dune area. © 2024 Brawijaya University. All rights reserved. read more

Estimated changes in carbon stock due to changes in land use around Yogyakarta International Airport

Publication Friday, 19 April 2024

Utami, Westi | Sugiyanto, Catur | Rahardjo, Noorhadi

Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management, Open Access, Volume 11, Issue 3, Pages 5727 – 5740, April 2024

Abstract

Land use plays an important role in maintaining carbon stock balance, ecosystem sustainability, and the environment. Massive land use changes in forest areas, peatlands, mangroves, and greenways result in an increase in CO2 release. This research aimed to analyze the impact of land use changes on the value of carbon stock study around Yogyakarta International Airport. The data used were Pleiades images in 2014, 2018 and 2022. Image analysis was carried out visually to produce detailed and accurate land use classification. Meanwhile, multitemporal map overlays were carried out to find out land use changes. Changes in carbon stock were obtained from the land use formula multiplied by the value of the Greenhouse Gas Constant (GGC). The results showed that the construction of an airport and its supporting infrastructure triggered land use changes that had implications for the decreasing carbon stock. The decrease in the area of vegetation cover in fields, community plantations, and mixed plantations from 2014 to 2022, amounting to -640.99 ha, increased carbon emissions. The results of the analysis showed that there had been changes in carbon stock. In 2014, the value was 150,286.57 t C/ha; in 2018, it decreased to 136,631.56 t C/ha; and in 2022, it reduced to 133,554.36 t C/ha. Massive economic activity and infrastructure development trigger reduced vegetation cover, resulting in increased carbon and increased carbon being released into the atmosphere. The problem of land conversion that affects changes in carbon stock and impacts on climate change requires mitigation, among which is by proper land use management and sustainable spatial planning. © 2024 Brawijaya University. All rights reserved. read more

Assessing karst landscape degradation based on the void development of karst aquifers in Gunungsewu, Indonesia

Publication Friday, 19 April 2024

Naufal, Muhammad | Adji, Tjahyo Nugroho | Haryono, Eko | Cahyadi, Ahmad

Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management, Open Access, Volume 11, Issue 3, Pages 5707 – 57 15, April 2024

Abstract

Compared to other landforms, karst areas are among those emerging from the dissolution process that have a higher risk of land degradation. The likelihood of karst landforms being harmed is increased by urbanization and other human activities like extensive agriculture. Subsurface streams’ water quality gets worse when surface pollutants infiltrate through developed karst features like sinkholes and karst ponors. There is a greater risk of land degradation as more karst features, in this case void size, develop. The purpose of this research is to assess how void development, or the degree of karstification, relates to the potential for karst spring pollution in the event that land degradation occurs on the surface of the Karst Drainage System (KDS). This research was conducted at the KDS of Beton and Gremeng Spring in the Gunungsewu karst area, Indonesia. In addition, this study also provides recommendations related to environmental management on the basis of the level of development of voids at both sites. The degree of karstification represents the phase at which a hydrogeological system has been developing, and this information was later considered in formulating strategies for protecting karst groundwater from contamination. The results show that Beton and Gremeng had a complex discharge regime with degrees of karstification at 8 and 5.5, respectively. Based on flood hydrograph components, it was further confirmed that both areas were in the mature phase. The higher the degree of karstification, the higher the vulnerability to ollution © 2024 Brawijaya University. All rights reserved. read more

Should we build a metaverse for the new capital of Indonesia?

Publication Friday, 19 April 2024

Sunindyo, Wikan Danar | Alfrojems | Septian, Doddi | Rachmawati, Rini | Sensuse, Dana Indra

Heliyon, Volume 10, Issue 7, 15 April 2024, Article number e29037

Abstract

Moving the capital of Indonesia from the Jakarta area to the island of Kalimantan is an inevitable necessity due to economic, political, socio-cultural and environmental factors, which require other areas of the archipelago to be developed. It has been decided that the green city and smart city concepts will be applied in the development of the new capital, using a state-of-the-art approach, including metaverse technology. The methodology employed in this study includes in-depth interviews, focus group discussions, direct field observations, and documentation. The findings of this research consist of an analysis of the readiness of IKN and its surrounding area for the implementation of metaverse technology in IKN. This paper examines whether metaverse technology is needed in the construction of the new capital city. If so, what are the needs for the development of the new capital’s metaverse, and what are the advantages (and disadvantages) of using the metaverse. The results are expected to provide a more comprehensive view of the use of metaverse technology in the new capital. © 2024 The Authors read more